Covered ladle



June 938- M. w. GOLDBERG El AL I 2,122,032

COVERED LADLE Filed June 15, 1936 IIIHH cum/1mm /d 8 1/ 5 ATTORNEY- Patented June 28, 1938 UNITED Es P TE T OFFICE.

2,122,032 COVERED VLADLE Max wlGoldberg'and Wallace Drissen, r

- Port Washington, Wis.

Application June 15, 1936,'Serial No. 85,287

, which hold only a limited quantity of molten metal. Necessarily, therefore, these ladles must be frequently refilled and a large number kept in constant use'in order 'tohandle mold requirements. Thus, a relatively large number of attendants are needed to take care of the plurality of small ladles, which results in high overhead.

It has been impractical heretofore to utilize ladles of larger size as the large quantity of molten metal would radiate an excessive amount of heat, making it impossible for attendants to remain near, enough to take care of the pouring operations. Furthermore, in view of the large capacity, the ladles could not,v be emptied rapidly enough to prevent solidification therein.

In applications Serial Nos. 746,042, 43,146, and 73,829 there are disclosedmeans rendering the employment of large ladles entirely practical through the use of an insulated protecting cover and through theuse of means for facilitating the opening and closingof said cover. The present invention relates more particularly to the cover itself and to the manner of insulating'the same.

The insulation of the ladle covers has occasioned considerable difficulty heretofore. Fire brick is a desirable insulating material, but when a fire brick is made ofthe exact size of the cover, it is found that the difference in coeflicient of expansion between the metal forming the cover proper and the fire brick forming the lining therefor sets up stresses which result in breakage of the lining. Furthermore, due to the fact that these ladles and covers are furnished in a wide assortment of sizes, it is impractical and costly to have fire brick of the exact size and shape for each of the various sizes of covers.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved lining of insulating material for ladle covers wherein the majority of the lining is composed of fireibrick and wherein other material is employed around the firebrick in such a way as to readily adapt a slab of fire brick of one size for use in lining covers of various sizes, the joint between the fire brick and other material permitting a normal amount of expansion to take place without disrupting the cover.

A morespecific object of the invention is to providein combination a ladle, a metallic cover therefor having depending edge flanges, insulat ing brick of less size thanxthe cover positioned adjacent the inner side thereof, refractory material of different composition than said brick filling the spaces between said brick and cover flanges, and-metallic securing-means extending through the brick and cover to-further holdthe brick in Position. f

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved method of lining flanged covers including the steps of inserting fire brick of less size than the cover adjacent theinner side thereof, andfilling the spaces between said-brick and cover flanges withrefractory material of different composition than said brick.

A still further object of the invention. is to pro-' Vide a method of lining flanged covers as above described, including the additional step of tapering the side edges of the slab of fire brick so that when the refractory material is packed between said tapered edges and the cover flanges, there will be an interlock to hold the two materials in position.

With the above and other objects in'view, the invention consists of the improved covered ladle and a1l its partsand combinations as set forth in the'claims and all equivalents thereof.

In the accompanying drawing illustrating one complete embodiment of the preferred form of I the invention;

Fig. -1 is a plan View of the improved ladle showing the cover in closed position, the full line position of the operating handle showinghow said handle is used to move the cover, and. the dot-and-dash line position of thecover' handle showing how said handle is used to lock the cover in closed position; 1

Fig. 2 is a side elevational view of thela'dle,

the dot-and-dash lines showing the cover in open,

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on line 33 of Fig. 1; and v V Fig. 4 is a bottom View of the cover alone.

, Referring more particularly to the drawing, the muneral 5 designatesv afladle of desired form. In View of the fact that the ladles comprehended 'by the present invention are of relatively; large is clear from Fig, 2. One of the guiding members I2 may be provided with a tubular extension l5 for a purpose tobe hereinafter described,

The ladle cover designated generallyby the numeral l6, comprises a top disc of metal ll and a surrounding depending flangelfiz" The front of size, it is desirable that the same be insulated,

I2 which are preferably the cover is preferably straight as at I9, and the rim I8 is tapered in the front as at 20 so that an operator standing at the rear of the ladle may at all times see the spout while pouring is being accomplished. If the rim portion 20 were vertical, it would, in'some positions, obstruct the attendants View.

Welded to opposite sides of the cover toward the rear thereof are lateral extensions 2 I-,.andto each of these extensions one end of a rod 22 is rigidly secured. The rods normally extend at an incline corresponding to the incline of the guide clearly indicated in Fig. 2.

At the rear of the cover is a short section of horizontally disposed metal tubing 23, and a handle 24 having a projection 25 at its outer end which may be engaged with the tube 23 in the manner shown in Fig. 1, facilitates movement of the cover from the full line position of Fig. 2 to the dot-and-dash line position therein and vice versa. Inasmuch as it is desirable to normally limit the opening movement of the cover, the

front of the latter is provided with an upstanding stop 26 which is engageable with the cross bar I I of the bail frame, as shown in the dot-anddash line position in Fig. 2.

It may at certain times be desirable to entirely remove the cover. In the present arrangement the parts are so arranged that when. the ladle is tilted rearwardly the stop 26 will fail to engage the cross bar II, thereby permitting complete removal of the cover and complete withdrawal of the rods 22 from the guiding tubes I2.

The cover may also be formed with a projecting lug 21 having its outer end apertured as at 28. The lug is so positioned on the cover that when the cover is in the closed position shown in Figs. 1 and'2, the aperture 28 will register with the tubular extension I of the guiding member I2. When the cover is thus closed, the extension ,25 of the handle 24 may be inserted into the aperture 28 and extension I5 to positively lock the cover in closed position; thus the handle 24 serves the dual purpose of facilitating movement of the cover and locking thereof.

The insulation of the ladle covers has occasioned considerable difiiculty heretofore. Fire brick is a desirable insulating material, but when a fire brick is made of the exact size of the cover;

, it is found that the difference'in coefiicient of expansion between the metal forming the cover proper and the fire brick forming the lining therefor sets up stresses which result in breakage of the lining. Furthermore, due to the fact that these ladles and covers are furnished in a wide assortment of sizes, it is impractical and costly to have fire brick of the exact size and shape for each of the various sizes of covers.

By referring to Fig. 3, it may be seen that there is fire brick 29. inserted in the cover and that said brick is substantially less. in diameter than the cover. The fire brick is also preferably formed with bevelled side edges 30 and with a plurality of recesses 3I in its lower face, communicating with bores 3| extending through the fire brick. In order to line a cover in the manner disclosed in the present invention, a thin layer of fire clay is spread on the upper surface of the fire brick 29 and the brick ispressed against the inner surface of the cover top H. Bolts 32 are then-passed through the holes 3I in the fire brick and through registering apertures in the cover portion II, the heads ofthe bolts being receivedin the recesses 3|. Nuts 33 tubes I2, said rods being slida-ble in the tubes as is I are then threaded on to the bolts and tightened to hold the fire brick in position. Next fire clay or other refractory material is packed while in plastic condition between the edges of the fire brick and the cover rimla's at 34 and. permitted to harden. Due to the bevel 30 on the fire brick,

interlocking will take place between the edges ofthe fire brick and the hardened refractory -material 34 to hold the two materials in position.

After the bolts are in place it is desirable to fill"the' recesses 3| with refractory material as at 35. Itis also preferred to weld or otherwise secure a ledge 36 in position below the refractory material 34;

The joint formed at 30 between the fire brick and the fire clay will permit a normal amount of expansion to take place in the lining without disrupting the cover. In addition, it will be noted that there is clearance between the sides of the bolt holes. 3| and the bolts to allow for a certain amount of shifting of the fire brick during expansion thereof.

With this method of lining, it is apparent that one size of fire brick 29 may be readily adapted for use in various sizes of covers, it being merely necessary to utilize more or less of the refractory material34 as an edge filling.

It is apparent that the cover and associated mechanism permits the cover to be readily opened and closed by manipulation of the handle 24, and that the cover can be further locked in position through use of the same handle. Due to the fact that the lower portion 31 of the cover rim overlaps the rim 6 of the ladle, it is apparent that a straight rearward sliding movement of the cover to open the same wouldnot function. Due however, to the use of the inclined guiding tubes I2 and cooperating inclined rods 22, it is apparent that the cover is simultaneously raised, so that the flange portions 31 clear the rim 6, while the cover is being moved rearwardly.

Although onlyone form of the invention has been shown and described, it is apparent that various changes and modifications may be made without departing fromthe spirit of the invention, and all of such changes are contemplated as may come'within the scope of the claims.

What we claim is:

1. A metallic ladle cover having depending edge flanges, insulating brick comprising a single slab of less size than the cover positioned adjacent the-inner side thereof, refractory material of dif ferent composition than said brick filling the spaces between said brick and the cover flanges, and a surrounding ledge extending inwardly from the lower portion of the cover flanges below the refractory material to maintain the latter in position, the brick being of such size that it can be inserted from the bottom of the cover notwithstanding said ledge, and means for securing the brick to the cover.

2. A metallic ladle cover having depending edge flanges, insulating brick comprising a single slab of less size than the cover and having tapered side edges with its smallest surface positioned against the inner side of the cover, hardened refractory material of different composition than said brick filling-the spaces between the edges of said brick and the cover flanges, and means for securing the brick to the cover whereby the tapered edges of the brick lock the refractory material in place.

MAX W. GOLDBERG. WALLACE W. DRISSEN. 

